California K–6 health standards

Explain why medicines are used.

Explain that living things grow and mature.

Identify a variety of emotions.

Name a variety of healthy foods and explain why they are necessary for good health.

Identify effective dental and personal hygiene practices.

Identify safety rules for the home, the school, and the community.

Explain that medicines can be helpful or harmful.

Describe their own physical characteristics.

Describe the characteristics of families.

Identify a variety of healthy snacks.

Describe sun-safety practices.

Identify emergency situations.

Recognize that medicines should be taken only under the supervision of a trusted adult.

Name ways in which people are similar and ways in which they are different.

Identify trusted adults at home and at school.

Describe the benefits of being physically active.

Define “germs.”

Explain ways to stay safe when riding in a bus or other vehicle.

Recognize that some household products are harmful if ingested or inhaled.

Identify trusted adults who promote healthy growth and development (e.g., physicians, nurses, dentists, and optometrists).

Describe characteristics that make each individual unique.

Recognize the importance of a healthy breakfast.

Explain why the transmission of germs may be harmful to health.

Distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate touching.

Recognize that tobacco smoke is harmful to health and should be avoided.

Name body parts and their functions.

Describe and practice situations when it is appropriate to use “Please,” “Thank you,” “Excuse me,” and “I’m sorry.”

Identify practices that are good for the environment, such as turning off lights and water, recycling, and picking up trash.

Explain that everyone has the right to tell others not to touch his or her body.

Name and describe the five senses.

Describe school rules about getting along with others.

Recognize the characteristics of bullying.

Identify ways to stay safe when crossing streets, riding a bicycle, or playing.

Recognize that anything may be poisonous or cause harm if used unsafely.

Identify people who are strangers and how to avoid contact with strangers.

Demonstrate how to ask trusted adults for help.

Define and explain the dangers of weapons.

Explain the importance of telling a trusted adult if you see or hear about someone having a weapon.

Identify ways family and friends help promote well-being.

Recognize that not all products advertised or sold are good for them.

Identify trusted adults at home and at school who can help with mental and emotional health concerns.

Identify health care workers who can help promote healthy practices.

Identify trusted adults who can help in emergency situations.

Show how to express personal needs and wants appropriately.

Explain how to ask family members for healthy food options.

Demonstrate how to ask for assistance with a health-related problem.

Demonstrate how to ask a trusted adult for help or call 9-1-1.

Cooperate and share with others.

Show how to answer the phone in a safe way.

Describe ways to participate regularly in active play and enjoyable physical activities.

Identify situations when it is necessary to seek adult help or call 9-1-1.

Role-play what to do if a stranger at home, in a car, or on the street approaches you.

Make a plan to help family members at home.

Express emotions appropriately.

Select nutritious snacks.

Show effective dental and personal hygiene practices.

Follow rules for safe play and safety routines.

Describe positive ways to show care, consideration, and concern for others.

Plan a nutritious breakfast.

Demonstrate ways to prevent the transmission of germs (e.g., washing hands, using tissues).

Show how to cross the street safely.

Choose healthy foods in a variety of settings.

Encourage others when they engage in safe and healthy behaviors.

Show how to tell a trusted adult when you or a friend find a weapon.

Describe how living things grow and mature.

Explain the importance of effective dental and personal hygiene practices.

Describe characteristics of safe and unsafe places.

Identify anatomical names of major internal and external body parts.

Identify the importance of sun safety.

Identify labels of products that give information about cautions and dangers.

Identify a variety of behaviors that promote healthy growth and development.

Discuss the importance of preventing the transmission of germs.

Discuss the meaning of basic safety-related signs, symbols, and warning labels.

Describe how members of a family have various roles, responsibilities, and individual needs.

Identify ways to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases.

Identify safety hazards in the home, at school, and in the community.

Describe symptoms of some common health problems and illnesses, including chronic diseases (e.g., asthma, allergies, diabetes, influenza).

Identify ways to reduce risk of injuries at home, at school, and in the community.

Explain the difference between communicable diseases and noncommunicable diseases.

Explain the importance of telling an adult if someone is in danger or being bullied.

Discuss how individual behavior affects the environment and community.

Distinguish between appropriate and inappropriate touching.

Identify materials that can be reduced, reused, or recycled.

Explain why the back seat is the safest place for young people to be when riding in a vehicle equipped with air bags.

Identify emergency situations (e.g., injuries, abductions, fires, floods, earthquakes).

Define and explain the dangers of weapons and the importance of telling a trusted adult if you see or hear about someone having a weapon.

Identify ways to reduce risk of injuries while traveling in an automobile or bus (e.g., wearing a safety belt).

Demonstrate proper lifting and carrying techniques for handling heavy backpacks and book bags.

Define simple conflict resolution techniques.

Identify refusal skills when in personal-safety situations (e.g., use a clear “no” statement, walk or run away, change subject, delay).

Explain why sleep and rest are important for proper growth and good health.

Explain how family and friends influence positive health practices.

Describe internal and external influences that could lead to or prevent injury or violence.

Recognize parents, guardians, and other trusted adults as resources for information about growth and development.

Identify individuals in the school and in the community who promote health.

List people to go to for help if feeling unsafe or threatened.

Explain why parents or guardians keep a health record for their child.

Demonstrate effective communication skills when asking for assistance with health-related problems.

Describe how to report dangerous situations.

Demonstrate effective communication skills in an emergency situation.

Identify ways to report inappropriate touching.

Use a decision-making process to evaluate how personal hygiene behaviors promote one’s health.

Analyze steps to take in emergency or potentially dangerous situations.

Identify the benefits of using nonviolent means to resolve conflicts.

Assess reasons for reporting weapons possession.

Analyze why wearing a helmet when biking, skateboarding, or in-line skating increases safety.

Make a plan to practice dental and personal hygiene.

Demonstrate proper toothbrushing and flossing techniques.

Practice ways to stay safe at home, at school, and in the community.

Demonstrate techniques for preventing disease transmission (e.g., covering sneezes and coughs, frequent handwashing).

Practice emergency, fire, and safety plans at home and at school.

Demonstrate proper ways of protecting oneself from the sun and ways to select and apply sunscreen.

Explain appropriate protective gear and equipment.

Demonstrate appropriate behaviors during fire drills, earthquake drills, and other disaster drills.

Educate family and peers to protect against skin damage from the sun.

Encourage others to practice safe behaviors in the classroom and on the playground.

Demonstrate the ability to support other students who have chronic diseases and conditions (e.g., asthma, allergies, diabetes, and epilepsy).

Distinguish between helpful and harmful substances (including alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs).

Describe a variety of emotions.

Classify various foods into appropriate food groups.

Explain why household products are harmful if ingested or inhaled.

Explain what it means to be emotionally or mentally healthy.

Identify the number of servings of food from each food group that a child needs daily.

Identify that a drug is a chemical that changes how the body and brain work.

Explain the importance of talking with parents or trusted adults about feelings.

Discuss the benefits of eating a nutritious breakfast every day.

Explain why it is dangerous to taste, swallow, sniff, or play with unknown substances .

Identify changes that occur within families.

List the benefits of healthy eating (including beverages and snacks).

Explain why it is important to follow the medical recommendations for prescription and nonprescription medicines .

Identify characteristics of a responsible family member.

Describe the benefits of drinking water in amounts consistent with current research- based health guidelines.

Identify rules for taking medicine at school and at home.

Identify feelings and emotions associated with loss or grief.

Describe how to keep food safe from harmful germs.

Identify refusal skills when confronted or pressured to use alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs (e.g., use a clear “no” statement, walk or run away, change subject, delay).

Discuss how to show respect for similarities and differences between and among individuals and groups.

Identify a variety of healthy snacks.

List healthy ways to express affection, love, friendship, and concern.

Identify and explore opportunities outside of school for regular participation in physical activity.

Identify positive and negative ways of dealing with stress.

Explain how both physical activity and eating habits can affect a person’s health.

Describe how to work and play cooperatively.

Identify the positive ways that peers and family members show support, care, and appreciation for one another.

Describe the characteristics of a trusted friend and adult.

Identify internal and external factors that influence mental, emotional, and social health.

Discuss how family, friends, and media influence food choices.

Identify parents, guardians, and trusted adults who can provide accurate information and guidance regarding medicines.

Discuss ways to obtain information from family, school personnel, health professionals, and other responsible adults.

Identify resources for reliable information about healthy foods.

Identify people in the community who are caring, supportive, and trustworthy.

Demonstrate refusal skills to resist an offer to use drugs or inappropriate medicines.

Identify and demonstrate ways to express needs and wants appropriately.

Demonstrate how to ask family members for healthy food options.

Demonstrate communication skills to alert an adult about unsafe situations involving drugs or medicines.

Demonstrate how to ask for help from trusted adults or friends.

Evaluate why one person’s medicines may not be safe for another person.

Use a decision-making process for solving problems with peers and family members.

Use a decision-making process to select healthy foods.

Compare and contrast healthy and less-healthy food choices for a variety of settings.

Identify safe ways to increase physical activity.

Describe how to make a commitment to be a good friend.

Set a short-term goal to choose healthy foods for snacks and meals.

Set a short-term goal to participate daily in vigorous physical activity.

Manage emotions appropriately in a variety of situations.

Examine the importance of eating a nutritious breakfast every day.

Show respect for individual differences.

Plan a nutritious meal.

Select healthy beverages.

Examine the criteria for choosing a nutritious snack.

Participate in physical activities with friends and family.

Object appropriately to teasing of peers that is based on personal characteristics.

Practice making healthy eating choices with friends and family.

Support peers in school and community activities.

Explain to others what is enjoyable about physical activity.

Describe the cycle of birth, growth, aging, and death in living things.

Describe examples of healthy social behaviors (e.g., helping others, being respectful of others, cooperation, consideration).

Examine the difference between communicable and noncommunicable diseases.

Recognize that there are individual differences in growth and development.

Describe the importance of assuming responsibility within the family and community.

Describe how bacteria and viruses affect the body.

Identify major internal and external body parts and their functions.

Explain the benefits of having positive relationships with family and friends.

Identify positive health practices that reduce illness and disease.

Discuss the importance of setting (and ways to set) personal boundaries for privacy, safety, and expression of emotions.

Identify life-threatening conditions (e.g., heart attacks, asthma attacks, poisoning).

Describe how a healthy environment is essential to personal and community health.

Discuss how reducing, recycling, and reusing products make for a healthier environment.

Explain how individual behaviors and one’s family and school influence growth and development.

Describe internal and external factors that affect friendships and family relationships.

Identify how culture, family, friends, and media influence positive health practices.

Identify parents, guardians, and trusted adults with whom one can discuss the cycle of birth, growth, aging, and death in living things.

Access trusted adults at home, at school, and in the community who can help with mental, emotional, and social health concerns.

Recognize individuals who can assist with health-related issues and potentially life- threatening health conditions (e.g., asthma episodes or seizures).

Describe how to access help when feeling threatened.

Demonstrate how to communicate with parents, guardians, and trusted adults about growth and development.

Demonstrate how to communicate directly, respectfully, and assertively regarding personal boundaries.

Demonstrate refusal skills to avoid the spread of disease.

Identify how to show respect for individual differences.

Examine why a variety of behaviors promote healthy growth and development.

Describe effective strategies to cope with changes within the family.

Use a decision-making process to reduce the risk of communicable disease or illness.

Evaluate situations in which a trusted adult should be asked for help.

Make a plan to help at home and show responsibility as a family member.

Set a short-term goal for positive health practices.

Determine behaviors that promote healthy growth and development.

Evaluate effective strategies to cope with fear, stress, anger, loss, and grief in oneself and others.

Evaluate ways to prevent the transmission of communicable diseases.

Demonstrate ways to reduce, reuse, and recycle at home, at school, and in the community.

Encourage peers to show respect for others regardless of differences in growth and development.

Promote a positive and respectful school environment.

Support others in making positive health choices.

Object appropriately to teasing of peers and family members that is based on personal characteristics.

Encourage others to promote a healthy environment.

Demonstrate the ability to support and respect people with differences.

Describe the harmful short- and long-term effects of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, including inhalants.

Identify and define key nutrients and their functions.

Describe safety hazards, including those related to fire, water, dangerous objects, being home alone, and using the Internet.

Identify ways to cope with situations involving alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

State the recommended number of servings and serving sizes for different food groups.

Identify behaviors that may lead to conflict with others.

Explain the differences between medicines and illicit drugs .

Describe the relationship between food intake, physical activity, and good health.

Describe the different types of bullying and harassment.

Identify family and school rules about alcohol, tobacco, and drug use.

Identify how to keep food safe through proper food preparation and storage.

Examine the effects of bullying and harassment on others.

Explain why individual reactions to alcohol and drug use may vary.

Explain how food can contain germs that cause illness.

Identify basic safety guidelines associated with weather-related emergencies and natural disasters (e.g., floods, earthquakes, and tsunamis).

Explain the importance of drinking plenty of water, especially during vigorous physical activity.

Identify disaster preparedness procedures at home, at school, and in the community.

Describe the benefits of moderate and vigorous physical activity.

Describe ways to seek assistance if worried, abused, or threatened.

Identify ways to increase and monitor physical activity .

Explain the dangers of having weapons at school, at home, and in the community.

Explain the importance of wearing helmets, pads, mouth guards, water safety vests, and other safety equipment during athletic and outdoor activities.

Define a gang and how it is different from a club, sports team, or clique.

Describe the dangers of gang activity.

Identify positive alternatives to gang activity.

Demonstrate proper lifting and carrying techniques for handling heavy backpacks and book bags.

Identify personal protection equipment needed for sports and recreational activities (e.g., mouthpieces, pads, helmets).

Explain what to do if someone is poisoned (e.g., by household cleaning or paint products): call 9-1-1, a poison control center, or other local emergency number.

Identify ways to reduce risk of injuries from fires, around water, while riding a motor vehicle, as a pedestrian, on the playground, and from falls.

Identify ways to prevent vision and hearing damage.

Explain how courtesy, compassion, and respect toward others reduce conflict and promote nonviolent behavior.

Demonstrate escape strategies for cases of inappropriate touching or attempted abduction.

Identify internal and external influences that affect the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Identify internal and external influences that affect food choices.

Analyze how emotions contribute to both safe and violent behaviors.

Examine advertising strategies used for alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Analyze advertising and marketing techniques used for food and beverages.

Examine the influence of violence in media and technology on health behavior.

Identify internal and external influences that affect physical activity.

Explain that most young people do not use violence to deal with problems.

Identify sources of valid information regarding alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Identify resources for valid information about safe and healthy foods.

Identify accurate sources of information about injury prevention and safety.

Use food labels to determine nutrient and sugar content.

Demonstrate how to access emergency services and communicate effectively with emergency personnel.

Identify safe people and places to go to if feeling unsafe or threatened (e.g., school counselor, police department, fire department).

Identify trusted adults to report to if people are in danger of hurting themselves or others.

Demonstrate how to dial 9-1-1 or other emergency numbers and how to provide appropriate information.

Demonstrate the ability to read and follow labels of common household products concerning dangers and safe use, storage, and proper disposal.

Demonstrate refusal skills to resist the pressure to experiment with alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Demonstrate effective communication skills to ask for healthy food choices.

Demonstrate the ability to use refusal skills in risky situations.

Practice effective verbal communication skills to request assistance in situations where alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs are being used.

Practice effective conflict resolution techniques with others.

Report bullying, harassment, and other dangerous situations.

Demonstrate refusal skills to avoid gang involvement.

Demonstrate what to say and do when witnessing bullying.

Evaluate strategies to avoid situations where alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs are being used.

Describe how to use a decision-making process to select nutritious foods and beverages.

Evaluate strategies to avoid potentially dangerous situations.

Describe how to use a decision-making process to select healthy options for physical activity.

Examine the consequences of bullying and harassment.

Analyze the benefits of using nonviolent means to resolve conflicts.

Evaluate how following family, school, and community rules can impact safety.

Make a plan to choose healthy alternatives to tobacco and drug use.

Make a plan to choose healthy foods and beverages.

Make a personal commitment to use appropriate protective gear while engaging in activities.

Make a plan to choose physical activities at school and at home.

Make a personal commitment to stay away from people involved in gang activity.

Use a variety of effective coping strategies when faced with alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use and abuse by family or friends.

Practice how to take personal responsibility for eating healthy foods.

Demonstrate strategies to avoid bullying and other types of harassment.

Practice how to take personal responsibility for limiting sugar consumption in foods, snacks, and beverages.

Practice disaster preparedness procedures at home and at school.

Identify ways to establish and maintain healthy eating practices consistent with current research-based guidelines for a nutritionally balanced diet.

Use appropriate protective gear and equipment.

Practice how to take personal responsibility for engaging in physical activity.

Follow safety rules and laws at home, at school, and in the community.

Demonstrate escape strategies for cases of inappropriate touching or attempted abduction.

Demonstrate the ability to execute an escape plan for incidents of fires, floods, earthquakes, and other natural disasters.

Encourage others to be free of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs.

Support others in making positive food and physical activity choices.

Encourage specific measures to improve home or school safety.

Offer friendship and support to someone who was bullied.

Encourage others’ safety behaviors (e.g., wearing bicycle helmets and seat belts).

Describe the human cycle of reproduction, birth, growth, aging, and death.

Describe the food groups, including recommended portions to eat from each food group.

Identify effective personal health strategies that reduce illness and injury (e.g., adequate sleep, ergonomics, sun safety, handwashing, hearing protection, and toothbrushing and tooth flossing).

Identify key components of the “Nutrition Facts” labels.

Explain how viruses and bacteria affect the immune system and impact health.

Explain the relationship between the intake of nutrients and metabolism.

Describe how environmental conditions affect personal health.

Explain why some food groups have a greater number of recommended portions than other food groups.

Describe how HIV is and is not transmitted.

Describe safe food handling and preparation practices.

Define life-threatening situations (e.g., heart attacks, asthma attacks, poisonings).

Recognize that there are individual differences in growth and development, physical appearance, and gender roles.

Differentiate between more-nutritious and less-nutritious beverages and snacks.

Explain that all individuals have a responsibility to protect and preserve the environment.

Recognize that everyone has the right to establish personal boundaries.

Explain the concept of eating in moderation.

Recognize that friendship, attraction, and affection can be expressed in different ways.

Describe the benefits of eating a nutritionally balanced diet consistent with current research-based dietary guidelines.

Explain how good health is influenced by healthy eating and being physically active.

Describe how physical activity, rest, and sleep are related.

Identify physical, academic, mental, and social benefits of regular physical activity.

Explain how culture, media, and other factors influence perceptions about body image, gender roles, and attractiveness.

Describe internal and external influences that affect food choices and physical activity.

Identify internal and external influences that affect personal health practices.

Describe how heredity influences growth and development.

Recognize that family and cultural influences affect food choices.

Describe the influence of advertising and marketing techniques on food and beverage choices.

Locate age-appropriate guidelines for eating and physical activity.

Identify sources of valid information about personal health products and services.

Interpret information provided on food labels.