Kentucky K–6 social studies standards

Explain the purpose of local government.

Explain ways people can work together effectively to make decisions.

Identify leaders in the local community, and explain their roles and responsibilities.

Identify local and Kentucky state symbols and events.

Identify examples of rules that apply in the school and community, and explain why they exist.

Describe consequences of following or not following rules.

Identify roles and responsibilities of self and others at home, in school and neighborhood settings.

Identify symbols and events that represent American patriotism.

Differentiate between needs and wants.

Explain how various jobs affect communities.

Identify places in communities that provide goods and services.

Describe why people purchase goods and services.

Demonstrate ways trade can be used to obtain goods and services.

Create maps of familiar areas, such as the classroom, school and community.

Identify ways humans interact with their environment.

Identify and describe the culture of communities.

Identify physical and environmental characteristics of communities.

Identify why and how people and goods move to and within communities.

Identify the cause and effect of an event in a community.

Identify and describe how communities change over time.

Compare traditions found in communities over time, including those from diverse backgrounds.

Describe interactions that occur between individuals/groups in families, classrooms and communities.

Compare life in the past to life today in communities.

Construct an explanation about their community's civic life, history, geography and/or economy.

Construct an argument to address a problem in the classroom or school.

Identify ways to civically engage at school.

Use listening skills to decide on and take action in their classrooms.

Ask compelling questions about their community.

Identify information from two or more sources to investigate characteristics of a community.

Construct responses to compelling questions about oneself and one's community.

Describe the purpose of Kentucky government.

Describe basic democratic principles.

Describe civic virtues.

Identify Kentucky leaders, and explain their roles and responsibilities.

Investigate how civic identity is shaped by symbolic figures, places and events.

Investigate rules and laws in Kentucky to understand their purpose.

Identify the rights and responsibilities of citizens.

Predict a person's change in behavior in response to incentives and opportunity costs.

Explain how choices are made as a result of scarcity.

Identify and describe what goods and services are produced in different places and regions in Kentucky.

Describe how different jobs, as well as public and private institutions, help people in the community.

Differentiate between buyers (consumers) and sellers (producers).

Give an example of a cost or benefit of an event.

Explain why the goods and services people in a community produce are traded with those produced in other communities.

Investigate how people can benefit themselves and others by developing special skills, strengths and goods.

Create geographic representations to identify the location of familiar places, and organize information regarding familiar places at different scales.

Describe ways people modify their environment.

Describe how culture and experience influence the cultural landscape of places and regions within their community and state.

Compare the physical and human characteristics of communities in Kentucky.

Explain why and how people and goods move to and within communities.

Predict the causes and effects of events in their community and state.

Describe how events, people and innovation of the past affect their present lives, community and state.

Describe interactions that occur between individuals as members of groups, the community and/or state.

Compare life in Kentucky in the past to life in Kentucky today.

Identify Kentucky symbols, songs and traditions.

Construct an explanation about a specific community in Kentucky.

Construct an argument with reasons to address how to improve the local community and Kentucky.

Identify ways to civically engage in the local community.

Use listening and voting procedures to decide on and take action in their school, local community or Kentucky.

Ask compelling questions about communities in Kentucky.

Identify supporting questions to investigate compelling questions about communities in Kentucky.

Identify information from two or more sources to describe multiple perspectives about communities in Kentucky.

Construct responses to compelling and supporting questions about communities in Kentucky.

Explain the need for civic and political structures in North America.

Explain that the functions of effective government are to create order, establish justice and meet the needs of their citizens.

Evaluate how civic virtues guide governments, societies and communities.

Evaluate how democratic principles guide governments, societies and communities.

Describe how Kentucky's laws change over time.

Describe how societies changed and continue to change through processes, rules and laws in North America.

Describe the importance of civic participation.

Compare the rights and responsibilities of citizens in North America.

Categorize different limited resources as renewable and non-renewable resources.

Provide examples of each of the factors of production in Kentucky.

Identify the cost of everyday, common goods.

Explain the role of prices in an economic market.

Describe how examples of capital, human, and natural resources are related to goods and services.

Describe how people are both producers and consumers.

Explain why people specialize in the production of goods and services.

Examine geographic features of places in North America, using a variety of geographic data, including maps, photos and other geographic tools.

Explain the ways human activities impact the physical environment of North America.

Compare the ways various cultural groups connect and interact within North America.

Analyze reasons for similarities and differences in the settlement patterns of North America and Kentucky.

Explain patterns of human settlement in North America.

Describe events in North America shaped by multiple cause and effect relationships.

Describe the events and innovations that had effects on North America.

Identify and compare the diverse North American cultural groups of the past and today.

Describe events in North America that illustrate how people from diverse cultural groups attempted to work through conflicts to solve a problem.

Explain how events in North America impacted Kentucky.

Construct an explanation, using correct sequence and relevant information, to provide information on a community in North America.

Construct an argument with reasons and details to address a civic issue on a community in North America.

Identify ways to civically engage in Kentucky.

Use listening and consensus-building procedures to discuss how to take action in the local community or Kentucky.

Ask compelling questions about communities found in North America.

Identify supporting questions that help answer compelling questions about communities found in North America.

Identify characteristics of primary and secondary sources.

Determine whether the evidence in primary and secondary sources is fact or opinion.

Identify a primary and secondary source, and explain who created it, when they created it, where they created it and why they created it.

Construct responses to compelling and supporting questions, using reasoning, examples and details, about the diversity of communities in North America.

Explain the basic purposes and functions of differing governing bodies in the world.

Compare how diverse societies govern themselves.

Compare civic virtues and democratic principles within a variety of diverse world communities.

Explain how processes, rules and laws influence how individuals are governed and how diverse world communities address problems.

Examine how the government maintains order, keeps people safe, and makes and enforces rules and laws in diverse world communities.

Explain how people use incentives and opportunity costs to inform economic decisions.

Explain how trade between people and groups can benefit Kentucky.

Differentiate between private property and public property.

Investigate how the cost of things changes over time.

Explain how producers and consumers interact to determine the prices of goods and services in markets.

Describe the relationship between supply and demand.

Describe examples of economic interdependence.

Explain how physical and cultural characteristics of world regions affect people, using a variety of maps, photos and other geographic representations.

Explain how the culture of places and regions influence how people modify and adapt to their environments.

Explain how the cultural aspects of a region spread beyond its borders.

Describe the impact of cultural diffusion and blending on Kentucky in the past and today.

Analyze how human settlement and movement impact diverse groups of people.

Compare diverse world communities in terms of members, customs and traditions to the local community.

Create and use chronological reasoning to learn about significant figures, traditions and events of diverse world communities.

Identify contributions made by inventors in diverse world communities.

Evaluate the effects of people, goods and ideas that diffused from one world community into other world communities and the effects of the people, goods and ideas on these communities.

Explain how world events impact Kentucky, both in the past and today.

Construct an explanation, using relevant information, to address a local, regional or global problem.

Construct an argument with reasons and supporting evidence to address a local, regional or global problem.

Identify strategies to address local, regional or global problems.

Use listening, consensus-building and voting procedures to determine the best strategies to take to address local, regional and global problems.

Ask compelling questions about the interactions of diverse groups of people.

Develop supporting questions that help answer compelling questions about the interactions of diverse groups of people.

Describe how multiple perspectives shape the content and style of a primary and secondary source.

Explain the relationship between two or more sources on the same theme or topic.

Construct responses to compelling and supporting questions about the interactions of diverse groups of people using evidence and reasoning.

Describe diverse forms of self-government used by various groups in Colonial America.

Compare the political form of monarchy with the self-governing system developed in Colonial America.

Assess the ability of various forms of government to foster civic virtues and uphold democratic principles.

Explain how the development of rules improves communities and attempts to meet the needs of citizens.

Describe the processes people use to change rules and laws.

Describe the importance of civic participation, and locate examples in past and current events.

Describe and evaluate the relationship between resource availability, opportunity costs, migration and settlement.

Predict how producers in colonial Kentucky used the factors of production to make goods, deliver services and earn profits.

Compare and contrast different ways that the government interacts with the economy.

Explain the role of producers, consumers, products and labor in economic markets.

Investigate the relationship between supply and demand.

Explain how trade leads to increasing economic interdependence.

Analyze how location and regional landforms affect human settlement, movement and use of various national resources, using maps, photos and other geographic representations.

Analyze how geographic features created challenges and opportunities for the development of Colonial America.

Explain how cultural, economic and environmental characteristics affect the interactions of people, goods and ideas from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Compare how the movement of people, goods and ideas in Colonial America and modern Kentucky were affected by technology.

Compare the distinctive cultural characteristics of groups that immigrated or were brought forcibly to the United States from other nations from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Utilize chronological sequences of events to explain causes and effects of historical developments from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Describe how migration and settlement impacted diverse groups of people as they encountered one another from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Describe the impact innovation and human ingenuity had on the development of the United States from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Explain examples of conflict and collaboration among various groups of people from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies as they encountered one another.

Identify and describe the significance of diverse groups of people in Kentucky from European Exploration to the Thirteen Colonies.

Construct an explanation, using reasoning and relevant information, to examine the causes and effects of an issue around migration and settlement.

Construct an argument with reasons and supporting evidence on the challenges and opportunities people face when transitioning to a new community.

Describe different strategies that can be taken to address issues of migration and settlement.

Use listening and consensus-building to determine ways to support people in transitioning to a new community.

Ask compelling questions about migration and settlement.

Develop supporting questions to answer compelling questions about migration and settlement.

Integrate evidence from two or more sources to answer compelling and supporting questions.

Determine the value and limitations of primary and secondary sources.

Develop claims with evidence to answer compelling and supporting questions.

Analyze the development and establishment of the U.S. federal government.

Analyze the structure of the U.S. government, including separation of power and its system of checks and balances.

Describe how the Constitution of the United States upholds popular sovereignty, ensures rule of law and establishes a federal system.

Describe the democratic principles of equality before the law, inalienable rights, consent of the governed and right to alter or abolish the government.

Explain the roles and responsibilities of a Kentucky citizen.

Evaluate whether various rules and laws promote the general welfare, using historical and contemporary examples.

Analyze responsibilities of U.S. citizens by explaining and demonstrating ways to show good citizenship.

Analyze the personal rights conferred by citizenship, and find examples of citizenship, using a variety of sources.

Analyze how incentives and opportunity costs impact decision making, using examples from history.

Analyze how incentives and opportunity costs impact decision making, using examples from Kentucky history.

Describe why the government collects taxes and what goods and services it provides society.

Explain how the United States developed into a market economy.

Explain the relationship between supply and demand.

Explain how specialization, comparative advantage and competition influence the production and exchange of goods and services in an interdependent economy.

Use a variety of maps, satellite images and other models to explain the relationships between the location of places and regions and their human and environmental characteristics.

Explain how cultural and environmental changes impact population distribution and influence how people modify and adapt to their environments.

Describe the traditions diverse cultural groups brought with them when they moved to and within the United States.

Analyze how and why cultural characteristics diffuse and blend with migration and settlement.

Compare the lives of Kentucky settlers to those living in other areas during the early years of the United States.

Analyze how cultural, economic and environmental factors encouraged and restricted the movement of people, ideas and goods to and within the United States.

Analyze the causes of the American Revolution and the effects individuals and groups had on the conflict.

Analyze the role religion played in early colonial society.

Describe the social and economic impact of the slave trade on diverse groups.

Describe the impact of fundamental documents on the development of the United States.

Analyze the impact innovation and human ingenuity had on the development of the United States from Colonization to Constitution.

Analyze the role conflict and collaboration played in the founding of the United States.

Describe the role of Kentucky settlers in the American Revolution.

Construct explanatory products, using reasoning, correct sequence, examples and details with relevant information and data, to convey the diverse perspectives that impacted the founding of the United States.

Construct arguments using claims and evidence from multiple sources on how a founding principle(s) is applicable today.

Explain different approaches people can take to address local, regional and global problems, using examples from U.S. history.

Use a range of deliberative and democratic procedures to identify strategies on how to address a current issue.

Ask compelling questions about the founding of the United States.

Generate supporting questions to answer compelling questions about the founding of the United States.

Identify the types of supporting questions each of the social studies disciplines uses to answer compelling and supporting questions.

Use evidence to develop claims in response to compelling and supporting questions.

Analyze primary and secondary sources on the same event or topic, noting key similarities and differences in the perspective they represent.

Integrate evidence that draws information from multiple sources to answer compelling and supporting questions.

Explain the origins, functions and structures of governments in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Explain connections between government and religion in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Describe the political institutions of monarchy, democracy, republic, empire and theocracy in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze how historical, economic, geographic and cultural characteristics influence social and government structures in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze the purposes and effects of laws in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Evaluate the rights, roles, responsibilities and limitations of the concept of citizen in Classical Greece and Rome.

Analyze the economic choices of individuals, societies and governments.

Describe how civilizations used bartering to establish mediums of exchange to meet their wants.

Explain how market conditions and economic activity affected the growth of River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Trace the chain of supply for a needed product.

Predict and analyze unintended costs and benefits of economic decisions.

Explain how markets exist whenever there is an exchange of goods and services.

Compare the markets of River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Compare specialization in two or more civilizations or empires.

Examine how new knowledge, technology and specialization increase productivity.

Use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to determine similarities and differences among River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze how physical environments shaped the development of River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze how River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires impacted the environment, both positively and negatively, between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Explain how population changes in River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires affected land use between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze the impact of interactions between various River Valley Civilizations and between various Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Compare how human and environmental characteristics of a region influenced the movement of people, goods and ideas during the rise of River Valley Civilizations and Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze the causes and effects of the rise of River Valley Civilizations.

Describe how River Valley Civilizations transitioned to empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Compare the origins and development of early world religions from River Valley Civilizations to Classical Empires 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Explain the role conflict played in the development and expansion of Classical Empires between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Analyze the impact trade networks had on interactions among various human societies between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Determine the influences of Classical Greece and Rome on the structures of Kentucky's state government.

Construct explanations, using reasoning, correct sequence, examples and details with relevant information and data, while acknowledging the strengths and weaknesses of the explanations concerning the development of civilizations.

Construct arguments, using claims and evidence from multiple credible sources, while acknowledging the strengths and limitations of the arguments, to address how a specific problem can manifest itself at local, regional and global levels over time.

Evaluate how individuals and groups addressed local, regional and global problems throughout the development of civilizations.

Engage in a range of deliberative and democratic procedures to discuss current local, regional and global issues.

Describe a specific problem from the development of civilizations using each of the social studies disciplines.

Develop compelling questions related to the development of civilizations between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Generate supporting questions related to the development of civilizations between 3500 BCE-600 CE.

Identify the types of supporting questions each of the social studies disciplines uses to answer compelling and supporting questions.

Develop claims, citing relevant evidence, in response to compelling and supporting questions.

Compare evidence from primary and secondary sources to assist in answering compelling and supporting questions.

Gather primary and secondary sources, and determine their relevance and intended use to answer compelling and supporting questions.